\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647
\n\u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0647 petrol \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u062c\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0647 \u062c\u0627\u0632\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u062d\u0628 \u064a\u062f\u0644\u0639\u0647 \u0648 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u064a\u0627 ” \u0628\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0646 ”<\/p>\n
\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0648\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644 \u0668\u0660 \u0648\u0668\u0669 \u0627\u0644 \u0669\u0661 \u0669\u0662 \u0648 \u0627\u0644 \u0669\u0665 \u0648 \u0669\u0668 \u0648 \u0627\u0644 105 \u0643\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0648 \u0627\u0648\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0637\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 .<\/p>\n
Gasoline – \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 ( \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0649)<\/p>\n
\u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627 45 % \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u062c \u062a\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f refining & petrochemicals process \u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0637\u0628\u0639\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0629 .
\n\u0628\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u062e\u062f \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642 \u0643\u062f\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0648 \u0627\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u0648\u0641\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644 Fuel .<\/p>\n
Chemical specifications – \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n
\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a C4- C12 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 paraffin\/olefins \/ Naphtenes \/ Aromatics \/isoparaffin \u0648 \u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0632\u064a \u0627\u0644 Oxygenates \u0632\u064a Ethers & Alcohols \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644
\nRequired specifications and Available gasoline pool and environmental regulations
\n\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062e\u0644\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628 \u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646 ( \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628 \u0639\u0637\u0631\u0649 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0648\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 ) \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0628
\nPhysical specifications – \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n
VISUAL: Clear , bright, free of suspended matters .
\nColour: originally Pale to deep Yellow<\/p>\n
\u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0647\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u0636\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n
Density @ 15 C : 0.72 – .77 kg\/cm2<\/p>\n
\u0648\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 heavy liquids \u0632\u064a \u0627\u0644 paraffin \/ aromatics \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644 blend.<\/p>\n
Rvp @ 100 F : 0.5 – 0.7 kg\/cm2<\/p>\n
\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648 \u0628\u064a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0621 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0641 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0647 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u062a\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f<\/p>\n
\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0645 \u0632\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627 \u0648 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0647 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 motor delay start \u0648\u062e\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0628\u062a\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0642\u0627<\/p>\n
\u0627\u0648 \u0644\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0644 \ud83d\uddfb \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 gasoline Vapor lock \u0627\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u062a\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0626 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062e\u0631\u0647 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0643\u0631 \u0648 \u062a\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0643 \ud83d\ude05\ud83d\ude05<\/p>\n
\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0646 initial boiling point \u0644\u0644 blend \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0632\u064a \u0627\u0644 butane \u0627\u0648 isoparaffin (\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644 butane \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0633 \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627)
\nBlend distillation – \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/p>\n
\u0648\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0647\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 initial & Final boiling point
\n\u0648\u062f\u0649 \u0628\u0628\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0646 40 \u0644 210 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627 \u0648 \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u064a \u0647\u064a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0644\u0648 IBP \u0637\u0644\u0639\u062a \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0647 \u0648 \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0648 FBP \u0637\u0644\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 210 \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0627\u062b\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0628\u062e\u0631\u0647 \u0648 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f
\n\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0627 \u0627\u0628\u062e\u0631\u0647 \u0633\u0648\u062f\u0647 — \u0628\u064a\u0628\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644 Aromatic
\n\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0627\u0628\u062e\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621 —- \u0628\u064a\u0628\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 paraffin\/ Napthenes<\/p>\n
octane number – \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0646
\n\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u062d\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647
\n\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u0648\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644 \u0644\u0644 motor knocking \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062e\u062f \u0627\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 0 \u0644 100 \u0627\u0648 \u0628\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 comperasion ratio \u0642\u062f \u0627\u064a\u0647 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0635\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0648 self ignetion \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644 knocking \u062c\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0635\u0641 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647<\/p>\n
\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0634 \u0646\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u064a octane number \u0648\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0634 \u0639\u0644\u064a RON , MON , AKI<\/p>\n
RON : Research Octane Number<\/p>\n
\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644 knocking Resistance \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631
\n\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0627 \u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0647 (600 RPM) \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0648 variable comperasion ratio
\n\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0628\u0637 \u0643\u0623\u0646\u0643 \u0628\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d<\/p>\n
MON : Motor Octane Number<\/p>\n
\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644 knocking Resistance \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631
\n\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0627 \u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a (900 RPM) variable ignition times
\n\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0628\u0637 \u0643\u0623\u0646\u0643 \u0633\u0627\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0632\u062d\u0645\u0647<\/p>\n
\u0628\u0633 \u064a\u0627\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0647\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0648\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644 RON \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644 MON \u0628\u0633 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644 MON \u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 RON \u0648 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 4 \u0644 12 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 !!
\n\u0641\u0639\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0648\u0631\u0628\u0627 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0631\u0642\u0645 RON \u0643\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0645 Knocking resistance \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627<\/p>\n
\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0628\u0647\u0645\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u062d\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u062e\u062f (RON+MON\/2 ) \u0648\u0646\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644 AKI \u0627\u0648 Antiknocking Resistance \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647.<\/p>\n
Heating Value : LHV<\/p>\n
Conventional gasoline blend has
\nLHV = 43 – 44 MJ\/ Kg.
\nFuel:air = 0.0659<\/p>\n
Alternative gasoline blends
\n\u0648\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a Alcohol \u0648 Oxygenates \u0627\u0648 hydrocarbons\/Alcohols
\n\u0628\u062a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644 LHV and Fuel:air ratio \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0637
\nMethanol
\nLHV : 20 MJ\/Kg
\nFuel:air: 0.155
\nEthanol
\nLHV : 26.9 MJ\/kg
\nFuel:air: 0.111<\/p>\n
\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0647 \u062f\u064a \u0647\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u064a \u062c\u0627\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u0627 \u0647\u0645\u0627
\nEngine Efficiency & Tank to Wheel efficiency
\n\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644 fuel Economics<\/p>\n
Environmental regulations<\/p>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0637 \u0627\u0644 gasoline \u0645\u0634 \u0628\u0633 \u0627\u0644 fuel performances \u0632\u064a \u0627\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u062f\u064a
\n\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0627 \u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629
\n\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0643\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0647 \u0632\u064a
\nEURO Standards and US EPA standards<\/p>\n
\u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0647\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u062f\u064a \u0647\u064a \u0646\u0633\u0628<\/p>\n
Total AROMATIC , Benzene , OLEFINE , OXYGENATES and total sulfur<\/p>\n
\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644
\nCO, CH , NOx and particles Emissions<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0647 petrol \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u062c\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0647 \u062c\u0627\u0632\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u062d\u0628 \u064a\u062f\u0644\u0639\u0647 \u0648 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u064a\u0627 ” \u0628\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0646 ” \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0648\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644 \u0668\u0660 \u0648\u0668\u0669 \u0627\u0644 \u0669\u0661 \u0669\u0662 \u0648 \u0627\u0644 \u0669\u0665 \u0648 \u0669\u0668 \u0648 \u0627\u0644 105 \u0643\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0648 \u0627\u0648\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0637\u062a\u0647\u0627 …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":61546,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[31],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-61541","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-31"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/soulta4.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61541","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/soulta4.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/soulta4.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soulta4.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soulta4.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=61541"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/soulta4.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61541\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":61547,"href":"https:\/\/soulta4.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61541\/revisions\/61547"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soulta4.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/61546"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/soulta4.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=61541"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soulta4.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=61541"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soulta4.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=61541"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}